Paiwan Every Day 490: adjuq // madjuq

namadjuq a ku ljinay i qaqeregan. 

Free translation: 

My umbrella was left  in the room. 

Word gloss:

1. na-ma-(a)adjuq: to have been left behind. na- 'PRF'; ma- 'to be in the condition of'; the root is adjuq 'leave thing behind'. The word is in Ferrrel (1982); he documented 5 derivational words from adjuq. His examples show vowel cluster, which according to a later study of Paiwan phonology is considered is considered ineligible.A reason for more research. 
2. a: subject case marker
3. ku: my, 1st person singular GEN
4. ljinay: umbrella. A synonym kausua, loanword from Minnan, is also used. 
5. qaqerengan: bedroom

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell's Paiwan Dictionary (1982). 

Paiwan Every Day 489: adjum // ruadjuadjum

ruadjuadjum a vakela. 

Free translation:

Arrow is usually sharp. 

Word gloss:

1. ru-adju-adjum: sharp. ru- 'be frequently/habitually'; the root is adjum 'sharp point' in RED. 
2. a: subject case marker
3. vakela: arrow

Voice file:

From Raleigh Ferrell's Paiwan Dictionary (1982) and ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary ruadjuadjum. 

Paiwan Every Day 488: adjaq / cakar

adjaq  'ceremonial place (=tsakar, cakar)' (RF, p. 53)

aicu a cakar namasan kakituluan nua mimaqacuvucuvungan a uqaljaqaljay. 

Free translation:

This men's house has become the school of young men who are turning into adults. 

Word gloss: 

1. a-icu: this. a- 'subject case marker'; icu 'this'. 
2. a: LIG
3. cakar: men's house, a meeting place for young and adult men
4. na-masan: have become. na- 'PRF'; masan 'is'. 
5. ka-ki-tulu-an: the place of instruction or school. ka--an 'the main or principal place'; ki- 'to get or obtain'; the root is tulu 'instruct, teach'. 
6. nua: of, GEN
7. mi-ma-qa-cuvu-cuvung-an: to become adults, AV. mi- 'agent marker'; ma- 'to be in the condition of'; qa- or ka- 'inchoative marker'; the root is cuvung 'adult, complete, enough' in RED for present progressive.  
8. a: LIG
9. u-qalja-qaljay: men. The root is uqaljay 'boy, man' in RED for plural. 

Voice file:

From ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary cakar. 

adjaq is not found in dictionaries, and presumably less or even no longer used.  

Paiwan Every Day 487: adam / qayaqayam

adam

--- ri-adam-an: omen bird of a specific type

--- s(e)man-adam:  to take serious interest in

These two words are in RF's Paiwan Dictionary (1982), but neither appears in the ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary or in the List of A Thousand Paiwan Vocabulary in 2021. The root adam seems lost. I have not heard of it. Need more research. 

The common word for bird for almost all Paiwan dialects is qayaqayam. 

kiljivakan a mareka qayaqayam. 

Free translation: 

Love every species of bird. 

Word gloss:

1. kiljivak-an: to have love, UV. The agent of this UV verb is missing but can be understood as we all. Can -an be the third imperative end case marker in addition to -i and -u? In what circumstances does a Paiwan UV omit its subject? These are interesting questions to investigate. 
2. a: subject case marker for NOM, which in a Paiwan UV sentence refers to the object. 
3. ma-reka: each and every. ma- 'to be in the condition of'; the root is reka 'each, everyone'. 
4. qayaqayam: the bird species

Voice file:

From ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary qayaqayam. 

Paiwan Every Day 486: ada

sannguaq a ada.

Free translation:

Onion is delicious. 

Word gloss: 

1. san-nguaq: tasty, delcious. The root is nguaq 'good, well'. 
2. a: subject case marker
3. ada: onion in RF (1982). ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary does not have this word; instead, it has canga, a loanword from Minnan tshang-á.  And in "List of Southern Pawian Vocabulary", there is ada 'onion' or 'scallion'. Another more common word is nigi for scallion and tamanigi for onion. Both are loanwords from Japanese ねぎ and 玉ねぎ たまねぎ. 

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell's Paiwan Dictionary (1982) and List of Paiwan Vocabulary ada. 

Paiwan Every Day 485: abunai / gemagalj

abunai aravac a sapui. 

gemagalj aravac azua a djalan.

Free translation: 

Fire is very dangerous. 

That road is very dangerous. 

Word gloss: 

1. abunai: dangerous, loanword from Japanese. 
2. g<em>agalj: dangerous, fearful, AV. The root is gagalj 'fear, danger'. 
3. a-ravac: very, quite
4. a-zua: that
5. a: subject case marker
6. sapui: fire
7. djalan: road, way

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell Paiwan Dictionary (1982), ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary abunai and gemagalj. 

Paiwan Every Day 484: abar // ljiabar

nu temulutulu a vavuluvulungan,

naljiabar a tjacalinga a lemangdangda. 

Free translation: 

If the elders are teaching, 

we open our ears and listen. 

Word gloss: 

1. nu: if or when, complementizer 
2. t<em>ulu-tulu: be teaching, AV. The root is tulu 'teach, instruct' in RED for present progressive. 
3. a: subject case marker
4. va-vulu-vulung-an: elders. The root is vulung 'old, senior' in RED for plural. 
5. na-lji-abar: to have already open ears. na- 'PRF'; lji- '?'; the root is abar 'earlobe' in RF (1982). I didn't find it in ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary nor List of A Thousand Paiwan Vocabulary. The common word for ear is calinga. It will be interesting to pursue the meaning and use of words like abar. They stay in a conjugated form while the root form is already lost. 
6. a: subject case marker
7. tja-calinga: our ears
8. a: LIG
9. l<em>angd(a)-angda: listen, AV. The root is langda 'listen' in RED for emphasis. 

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell Paiwan Dictionary (1982) and ILRDF Online Paiwan Dictionary lijabar. 

Paiwan Every Day 483: abar / yasi

liyaw a talem ni kama a abar (yasi). 

Free translation: 

The coconut trees planted by father are a lot. (Father plants many coconut trees). 

Word gloss: 

1. liyaw: many, a lot of
2. a: LIG
3. talem: plant, cultivate, UV. Also considered a root form; this is the first word I find that in root form, it is in undergoer voice or patient focus. 
4. ni: of, GEN, used to bring the subject or actor of the UV verb. 
5. a: subejct case marker
6. abar or yasi: coconut trees. abar is in RF's dictionary (1982); however, in both CIP Online Paiwan Dictionary and The List of A Thousand Paiwan Vocabulary, yasi is recorded. It seems the word abar has fallen into disuse and been replaced by the loanword from Japanese やし. 

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrel's Paiwan Dictionary (1982) and CIP Online Paiwan Dictionary yasi. 

Paiwan Every Day 482: -a

nananguaqan aravac a mareka tia Pia. 

Free translation: 

Pia and those with him, everyone is very nice. 

Word gloss: 

1. na-nanguaq-an: kind, nice, have good virtues. The root is nguaq 'good, blessed'. 
2. aravac: very
3. a: LIG
4. mareka: every
5. ti-a: subject case marker for plural. ti- 'subject case marker for person'; -a 'pluralizer with personal pronouns and pronominal article' (RF, 1982). 
6. Pia: male name

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell Paiwan Dictionary (1982). 

Paiwan Every Day 481: a

kemakan  a aljak. 

Free translation: 

The kid is eating. 

Word gloss: 

1. k<em>a-kan: eating, AV. The root is kan 'eat'. 
2. a: subject case marker. RF (1982) defined, 'equational construction marker for noun phrase'. 
3. aljak: kid, child

Voice file: 

From Raleigh Ferrell Paiwan Dictionary (1982).